<> "The repository administrator has not yet configured an RDF license."^^ . <> . . . "Real Word Spelling Error Detection and Correction for Urdu Language"^^ . "Non-word and real-word errors are generally two types of spelling errors. Non-word errors are misspelled words that are nonexistent in the lexicon while real-word errors are misspelled words that exist in the lexicon but are used out of context in a sentence. Lexicon-based lookup approach is widely used for non-word errors but it is incapable of handling real-word errors as they require contextual information. Contrary to the English language, real-word error detection and correction for low-resourced languages like Urdu is an unexplored area. This paper presents a real-word spelling error detection and correction approach for the Urdu language. We develop an extensive lexicon of 593,738 words and use this lexicon to develop a dataset for real-word errors comprising 125562 sentences and 2,552,735 words. Based on the developed lexicon and dataset, we then develop a contextual spell checker that detects and corrects real-word errors. For the real-word error detection phase, word-gram features are used along with five machine learning classifiers, achieving a precision, recall, and F1-score of 0.84,0.79, and 0.81 respectively. We also test the proposed approach with a 40% error density. For real-word error correction, the Damerau-Levenshtein distance is used along with the n-gram model for further ranking of the suggested candidate words, achieving an accuracy of up to 83.67%."^^ . "2023-09" . . . . "IEEE Access"^^ . . . "21693536" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Muhammad Waqas"^^ . "Anwar"^^ . "Muhammad Waqas Anwar"^^ . . "Ángel Gabriel"^^ . "Kuc Castilla"^^ . "Ángel Gabriel Kuc Castilla"^^ . . "Usama Ijaz"^^ . "Bajwa"^^ . "Usama Ijaz Bajwa"^^ . . "Ernesto"^^ . "Bautista Thompson"^^ . "Ernesto Bautista Thompson"^^ . . "Imran"^^ . "Ashraf"^^ . "Imran Ashraf"^^ . . "Carlos"^^ . "Uc-Rios"^^ . "Carlos Uc-Rios"^^ . . "Romila"^^ . "Aziz"^^ . "Romila Aziz"^^ . . "Muhammad Hasan"^^ . "Jamal"^^ . "Muhammad Hasan Jamal"^^ . . . . . . "Real Word Spelling Error Detection and Correction for Urdu Language (Texto)"^^ . . . "Real_Word_Spelling_Error_Detection_and_Correction_for_Urdu_Language.pdf"^^ . . . "Real Word Spelling Error Detection and Correction for Urdu Language (Otro)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #8800 \n\nReal Word Spelling Error Detection and Correction for Urdu Language\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "Engineering"@en . "Ingeniería"@es . .